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When is a dog considered a senior?

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How old is a senior dog?

The age at which your dog becomes a senior varies greatly depending on the dog’s breed. Large dog breeds typically age faster. Here is a general guide:

Small breeds are considered senior dogs around 10-12 years old. 

Medium breeds are considered senior dogs at about 8-9 years old. 

Large and giant breeds are considered senior dogs at around 6-7 years old. 

Signs That Your Dog is Getting Old 

When pet owners ask us, ‘What age is a dog a senior?’, many are concerned about when they might see symptoms of aging in their beloved pets. 

Your dog’s physical appearance as well as their behavior will change as they age. While the hair around their muzzle will gradually become grey, this is a natural progression of aging and does not require any specific veterinary care. However, other changes may be more drastic and additional vet care may be needed depending on the circumstances. 

Some signs that your dog is getting older include: 

  • Loss of muscle tone
  • Reduced heart, kidney, and liver function 
  • White hairs on the muzzle and face 
  • Joint and arthritis issues
  • Hearing and/or vision loss 
  • Tooth loss or gum disease 
  • Sleeping more or difficulty sleeping 
  • Reduction of mental acuity 

Care Requirements for Senior Dogs 

Fortunately, there are many things you can do to help your dog feel more comfortable as they age. 

Proactive Vet Care 

Our veterinarians in Los Angeles believe that proactive, preventive care is key to helping your pet live a long, healthy life. By scheduling routine wellness exams for your senior dog, you’re giving your vet the opportunity to screen for any emerging geriatric conditions or health issues, and begin treatment as soon as possible if required. Your veterinarian will also ask about your senior dog’s diet, nutrition, and mobility, and make beneficial recommendations for adjustments to your pooch’s exercise or diet. 

Nutritional Needs

Your dog’s nutritional needs will change as they age due to their overall health and changes in exercise. Once your senior dog has slowed down they will become prone to weight gain that can cause other health issues, including joint pain and cardiovascular conditions. Speak to your vet about adjusting your dog’s daily calorie intake or switching to a food that is specifically formulated for weight loss. 

Your vet may recommend feeding your dog a particular brand of dog food or nutritional supplements to help them continue a healthy diet as they age.

A good diet and proper nutrition will be of great physical benefit to your dog and may be able to help your dog maintain their cognitive function as they age. Dogs, just like humans, can suffer from dementia or Alzheimers-like conditions. Feeding your dog that is high in omega-3 fatty acids, along with providing them with proper exercise, may help them maintain mental alertness.

Physical & Mental Exercise

Physical activity remains just as, if not more important as your dog moves into the later years of their life. Regular exercise is important for them to maintain their health as well as to keep their joints healthy. However, you may have to adjust the forms of exercise you are providing for your pup. For example, if you notice your dog is having difficulty with the long walks they once loved, try taking your dog for more shorter, more frequent walks. 

At all stages of life, mental stimulation is incredibly important. It’s never too late to teach your pup a new trick or bring home a new puzzle. There are a variety of options available for problem-solving activities for dogs. One example is a puzzle feeder that makes your dog work to figure out how to get their kibble. 

Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet’s condition, please make an appointment with your vet.

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Pet Care

What to do when pet cant stand

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Why is my cat or dog staggering?

If your cat or dog can’t stand up or keeps falling over, they may be suffering from any number of severe health issues, some of which we’ll explore in this post. This means your pet will need immediate emergency care and you should take them to a veterinary hospital as soon as possible. 

Ataxia 

Ataxia is a condition associated with sensory dysfunction in the nervous system, and can lead to loss of coordination in the head, limbs, or back end. Cats and dogs can experience three different types of ataxia: cerebellar, vestibular, and sensory. A wide range of diseases can cause this condition. 

Cerebellar ataxia is caused by damage to the cerrebellum, while sensory ataxia is a result of the spinal cord being compressed due to a bulging intervertebral disc or tumor. An issue with the inner ear or brain stem causes vestibular ataxia. 

Along with the stumbling, staggering, and falling over we see with other health conditions, common symptoms of ataxia in cats and dogs include abnormal walking (taking large steps), weakness, swaying, and tremors in the head and body. You might also notice changes in heavior, lethargy, head tiling, lack of appetite, and difficulty hearing. 

Cats with sudden onset ataxia often fall or roll to one side and experience significant nausea due to feeling unsteady. In contrast, cats with chronic ataxia will typically adjust over time and are less likely to suffer from nausea. 

Ear Infection 

Both dogs and cats can lose their balance due to middle or inner ear infections. If your pet has an ear infection, you may also notice flicking eyes, head shaking, walking in circles, and scratching near the ear, in addition to swelling, redness, odor, and discharge in or around the infected ear. 

Injury 

Head trauma, damage to the inner ear, and other injuries can cause pets to lose their balance. You may find it difficult to tell if your pet is injured since both cats and dogs are capable of masking pain well. Slowed reflexes, licking or biting a wounded area, heavy panting, reluctance to lie down or put pressure on a specific area, or change in appetite can all point to pain. 

Brain Inflammation 

Inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) can cause an animal to fall over or stagger. This condition can be caused by tick-borne diseases, fungal infections, and parasites. Head tilt to either side, seizures, fever, decreased consciousness, depression, and facial paralysis are other common symptoms of encephalitis.

Brain Tumor

Older pets may be especially vulnerable to brain tumors, which can lead to staggering, stumbling or general loss of balance. Other symptoms of a brain tumor will vary depending on the tumor’s location and include changes in appetite or behavior, signs of pain, seizures, swaying, a wide stance, head tilting or tremors, pacing, flicking of the eye and lack of coordination. 

Stroke

While strokes in dogs are fairly uncommon, they can occur. In cats, strokes are most commonly diagnosed in kitties that are around nine years old. They seem to occur less frequently in pets than in people and can be the result of high blood pressure, hemorrhage, blood clots, rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, heart disease, kidney disease, cancer, migrating worms, head trauma or other serious distorders.

If your dog is staggering like he is drunk, he may have had a stroke. Stroke symptoms in both dogs and cats can also include circling, unsteadiness while walking, unequal pupil sizes, abnormal eye movements, loss of vision or balance, falling down, head pressing (potentially as a result of a headache), altered mental state, muscle spasms or head tilt.

Common Remedies for Loss of Balance in Pets

If your cat or dog can’t walk or stand, and is staggering or falling over, take them to the vet as soon as possible. One of our veterinarians will be able to diagnose the issue and recommend a treatment option depending on the problem. 

Treatment options vary widely depending on diagnosis, and can range from medications to surgery, combinations of different types of therapies, physical rehabilitation and more.

When to Seek Emergency Care

Any dog or cat that is staggering, stumbling or falling over requires immediate veterinary attention, since they may be suffering from pain and other symptoms, and their life may be in danger. Time may be a critical factor in their survival and prognosis. 

If you are experiencing an emergency with your pet during regular hours, contact us for more information. Other local hospitals provide emergency care after hours. If your pet sees our Los Angeles vets, we can diagnose the issue and provide compassionate care and treatment. We may also recommend follow-up care or make referrals to experienced specialists. 

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Pet Care

First Aid for Pets

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Preparing Your Dog or Cat’s First Aid Kit

Prepare your pet’s first aid kit with these essential items from Washington Dog and Cat Hospital. Keep these items in your toolbox or another case so they are easily accessible. In the event of a pet emergency, you’ll want to keep these items on hand at all times until you can get your pet int to see a veterinarian:

  • Antibiotic ointment 
  • Antiseptic lotion, spray, or powder 
  • Alcohol swabs 
  • Blanket, muzzle, carrier, or leash to secure your pet
  • Blunt-tipped scissors or razors for cutting hair and bandages 
  • Cotton swabs or cotton balls 
  • Copies of medical records
  • Copy of rabies vaccination 
  • Grease-cutting dish soap 
  • Hand sanitizer or wipes 
  • Hydrocortisone cream 3%
  • Instant hot and cold packs 
  • Lubricating jelly 
  • Nonstick and waterproof adhesive tape to secure bandages
  • Penlight or flashlight
  • Rectal thermometer 
  • Splints and tongue-depressors 
  • Sterile gauze pads and bandages
  • Styptic liquid to stop minor bleeding 
  • Tweezers
  • Turkey baster, rubber bulb syringe, or dosing 

Applying Basic Animal First Aid

Below are some basic first aid tips for pets like dogs and cats that you may need to use before bringing your pet to an emergency vet clinic.

  • To be safe, muzzle your pet. Even the nicest pets can bite when they’re hurt, so it’s best to be careful. Ask your vet in advance how to use gauze to tie a muzzle if you don’t have a muzzle handy.
  • Press a clean, thick pad of gauze over any cuts or scrapes, and keep your hand on the wound until the blood starts to clot. Keep the pressure on for at least three minutes before checking to see if the blood is indeed clotting.
  • Keep the pet as quiet and warm as you can.
  • If you think the pet has broken bones, find a flat surface, like a board or stretcher, that you can move the pet on from place to place. Using a blanket or towel to tie the pet to the surface may also be a good idea.
  • Remember that any first aid you give your pet should be followed by veterinary care right away. First aid care is not the same as veterinary care, but it could save your pet’s life until it can see a vet.
  • If the situation is dire and every second counts, Washington Dog and Cat Hospital offers emergency care Monday through Saturday during regular clinic hours (8:00 am – 5:00 pm). Our caring team can help pets in most emergencies. Contact us to find out how to move an injured animal based on your specific situation.

What kind of situations require first aid?

Some common situations that require first aid for pets include choking, heatstroke, poisoning, and injuries such as cuts or burns. It is important to be prepared and knowledgeable in order to provide immediate care in these emergency situations.

How To Perform CPR On Cats & Dogs

It is scary thinking you might need to perform CPR on your pet, but it can happen. CPR for dogs and cats is virtually the same as CPR for people. These directions are designed to help if your dog or cat is unconscious and reduce the risk that you’ll get bit if they awaken.

  1. Remove any obstacles. Open the animal’s mouth and make sure its air passage is clear. If not, remove the object blocking the airway.
  2. Extend the head and give the dog or cat a few fake breaths.
    • For large dogs, close the dog’s mouth tightly and breathe into the nose. The dog’s chest should raise. Give 2 breaths at a time
    • You may be able to cover the nose and mouth of small dogs and cats with your mouth while breathing. The chest of the animal should rise. Take two deep breaths.
  3. Do chest compressions
    • Large dogs may be able to be positioned on their backs and their chest compressed in the same way that humans do.
    • You may need to lay the animal on its side and compress the side of the rib cage for small dogs and cats, as well as large dogs with funnel chests. You can also turn the animal on its back and press on both sides of the rib cage.
    • The rate of chest compressions varies depending on the cat or dog’s size.
      • Dogs over 60 pounds: 60 compressions per minute.
      • Animals between 11 and 60 pounds: 80 – 100 compressions per minute
      • Animals 10 pounds or less: 120 compressions per minute.
  4. Alter your breaths with compressions. The compression-to-breath ratio should be similar to that of humans – 30:2. Repeat until the animal responds or begins to breathe on its own.

Whether or not your pet begins to breathe on its own, you should contact your veterinarian or the nearest emergency clinic and take them in. Any period of time without oxygen can cause damage. If your pet choked on a foreign object or food, you should still bring them in because their airway may have been injured in ways that are not visible.

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Pet Care

My Cat Won’t Stop Vomiting: What to Do & When to Worry

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While almost all cats will sometimes vomit, frequent or severe vomiting can be a symptom of a more serious issue. Today, our Los Angeles vets explain the causes of vomiting in cats, why it won’t stop, and when you should seek veterinary care

Cat Vomiting

Similar to a person, a cat may experience stomach upset for various reasons, including a bad reaction to a certain food, viruses, parasites, or more serious internal health issues such as cancer or problems with vital organs.

If your cat vomits frequently or more than once a month, it’s important to take them to the vet so the underlying cause of their vomiting can be diagnosed.

Reasons Your Cat May Be Vomiting

Your cat may be vomiting frequently for various reasons, including:

Eating Too Much, Too Quickly

Is your cat often vomiting soon after eating? If so, they’ve likely eaten too much, too quickly. Some special cat bowls are designed to help slow your cat’s eating if this is true for your feline friend.

That said, throwing up right after eating can also indicate a more serious problem such as digestive tract obstruction, dehydration, hairballs, or esophageal issues. If your cat vomits frequently right after eating, it’s time to call a vet.

Hairballs

Hairballs re clumps of undigested fur that build up in your cat’s stomach. These tend to happen more frequently in longhair cats and those that groom themselves excessively. When cats attempt to get rid of hairballs, they often experience spasms and hacking noises alongside vomiting.

Typically, cats can easily bring up hairballs on their own. However, if your cat is struggling to expel a hairball, it’s critical to take them to a vet. Trapped hairballs can cause dangerous intestinal blockages that may become fatal.

Other Serious Conditions That May Cause Vomiting in Cats

  • Inflammatory bowel disease
  • Diabetes
  • Food allergies
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Intestinal parasites
  • Intestinal foreign bodies
  • Metabolic disorder (i.e. kidney disease)
  • Poisoning

When to Worry About Your Cat’s Vomiting

If your cat is vomiting occasionally or not very often, it’s a good idea to withhold food for around 12 hours. During this time, you can give your cat a few tablespoons of water every 30 minutes or offer them some ice cubes.

After the 12-hour period, start giving your cat small portions of bland food and gradually resume their regular feeding routine if the vomiting has stopped.

If your cat is having repeated bouts of vomiting contact your vet immediately. Continuous or severe vomiting could be a sign that your cat is seriously ill and requires immediate emergency treatment. Contact your vet if your cat displays any of the symptoms below:

  • Repeated vomiting
  • Blood in vomit
  • Weakness / Lethargy
  • Pain / Distress
  • Fever
  • Blood in stool

Diagnosis

When taking your cat to the vet due to vomiting, it’s a good idea to take a sample of your cat’s vomit with you. Your vet will be able to examine the sample to help determine the cause of your cat’s upset stomach.

  • Large amounts of mucus in your cat’s stomach could indicate an inflamed intestine
  • Undigested food can be an indication of poisoning, anxiety, or simply a sign that your cat has eaten too much or too quickly.
  • If bile is present in your cat’s vomit, it may be an indication of pancreatitis or inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Red blood is a sign that your cat’s stomach may be ulcerated.
  • An intestinal obstruction may cause your cat’s vomit to have a strong smell.

Treatment

Treatment of vomiting in cats focuses on treating the underlying problem. Depending on what has caused your cat’s symptoms, treatment can be as simple as temporarily withholding food or as complex as surgery or chemotherapy.

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Pet Care

Proven Tips For Your Pet’s Dental Health

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1. Don’t Skip Dental Check-Ups

Taking your dog or cat in for an annual dental health check is critical to their overall health and longevity (as well as avoiding costly vet bills later on to treat advanced oral health issues). These visits allow your veterinarian to assess your pet’s dental health and should begin before the animal develops dental problems.

2. Professional Veterinary Dental Cleanings

Scaling (removal of build-up and tartar from the tooth’s surface and below the gum line) and polishing under anesthesia will most likely be part of your pet’s dental check-up. This cleaning not only makes your cat or dog’s teeth look cleaner, but it also allows your veterinarian team to closely monitor any emerging or ongoing dental issues.

3. Oral or Dental Treatments for Pets

If your pet has persistent halitosis, gingivitis or advanced gum disease, or dental disease, your veterinarian may recommend one of several available dental treatments or extract damaged, rotting, or otherwise troublesome teeth.

4. Daily Brushing & Oral Hygiene 

If your pet will put up with it, brushing their teeth every day is the best at-home dental care you can give them. To slow or prevent the plaque and tartar build-up that can lead to dental disease, aim for 5 times a week.

Begin by purchasing a toothbrush for dogs or cats as well as a non-toxic pet toothpaste. Introduce them to the process gradually and patiently until they become accustomed to the routine. (If your pet is having difficulty adjusting or the process is stressful, talk to your vet about other ways to keep their teeth clean at home.)

Use a small amount of the pet toothpaste, brush gently in a circular motion, and (if your pet allows it), aim for 30-60 seconds on each side of their mouth. Make sure you reward your pet for their good behavior so that they associate tooth brushing with positive reinforcement. 

5. Don’t Forget the Gums!

Your cat or dog’s oral health, like that of humans, can benefit from gentle gum massage while you clean their teeth. Because red or inflamed gums are usually the first sign of tooth decay, this is also an excellent opportunity to monitor your pet’s gum health.

6. Try A Dental Diet for Your Pet

Your vet can give you specific recommendations for dental diet foods that could be effective for your canine companion or feline friend. 

There are numerous high-quality dry foods for cats and dogs that are designed to reduce plaque buildup on their teeth and inside their mouths. This is typically composed of larger pieces of kibble fibers aligned similarly to toothbrush bristles in order to clean your pet’s teeth while they eat. These specialized foods may also slow the progression of dental disease.

7. Offer Your Furry Friend Dental Treats & Chews

Your veterinarian’s advice will be useful here, as there are numerous dental treats and chews that can reduce plaque but cannot prevent it. Trained, experienced veterinarians can advise you on which products are best for your dog or cat.

8. Get Your Pet Dental Chew Toys 

Playtime can greatly benefit your pet’s dental and oral health! Most pet stores sell a variety of toys designed specifically for your cat or dog to play with and chew on. These toys are designed to clean teeth by removing plaque and preventing tartar buildup.

9. Make Sure Your Pet Has Fresh, Clean Water

Another simple way to help your cat or dog maintain good oral and overall health is to provide them with clean, fresh water every day. Drinking water helps to wash away food debris and bacteria from your pet’s mouth after they eat, reducing the likelihood of gingivitis and discomfort.

10. Stinky Breath Isn’t Normal!

While our dogs’ and cats’ breath may not be minty-fresh when their oral health is at its peak, it’s critical not to ignore things like noticeably bad breath when your animal companion barks, meows, or yawns right in your face. Aside from being unpleasant, it may indicate underlying oral health issues.

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Pet Care

No, Apple Cores and Seeds Aren’t Poisonous to Pets

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Health Benefits of Apples on Pets

Apples offer many health advantages to pets, especially dogs, when adequately prepared and given in moderation. Here are a few of these benefits:

  • Packed with Nutrients: Apples are a good source of essential nutrients that are beneficial for pets. They provide a healthy dose of vitamins A and C, enhancing your pet’s immune system and promoting healthy skin. Additionally, apples are rich in dietary fiber, which facilitates good digestion.
  • Promotes Dental Health: Chewing apple slices can aid in cleaning your dog’s teeth and combat bad breath.
  • Aids Hydration: Apples are high in water content, which can provide additional hydration, especially in hot weather conditions.
  • Low in Fat and Calories: Apples are low in fat and calories, making them an excellent choice as a healthy treat for pets, particularly those who need to maintain optimal weight.
  • Antioxidant Properties: Apples contain antioxidants that help ward off diseases and boost overall health. This is one of the many benefits of apples for dogs.

Removing the apple’s core and seeds before feeding it to your pets is crucial, as these parts can pose potential risks. Apple seeds contain a trace amount of cyanide, and while a handful of seeds are unlikely to cause problems, it’s safer to avoid them. The core could also present a choking threat or result in intestinal obstruction. Always slowly introduce new food like apples into your dog’s diet to watch for adverse reactions. And, as with any significant changes to your pet’s diet or dog food, it’s wise to consult with your veterinarian first.

Cyanide Poisoning in Pets

Apple seeds hold a compound known as amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside. This indicates that it can produce cyanide, a poisonous substance when it interacts with digestive enzymes in the stomach.

When a dog consumes apple seeds, the dog’s body breaks down the amygdalin in the digestive tract, releasing cyanide that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Cyanide interferes with cellular respiration, the process through which cells utilize oxygen to generate energy. Specifically, cyanide tightly binds to an enzyme in the mitochondria called cytochrome c oxidase, disrupting the final step of the electron transport chain, an essential part of cellular respiration. As a result, the cells can’t produce the necessary energy to function correctly, leading to various health problems and, in extreme cases, death.

However, as a dog owner, it’s crucial to understand that a dog must ingest many apple seeds – and chew them thoroughly – for the cyanide to pose a significant risk. This is because the seed’s hard outer shell can often prevent the release and absorption of amygdalin. But even if your dog seems fine, it’s best to remove apple seeds before feeding it apple slices as a safety measure. Likewise, apple cores are toxic and can pose a choking hazard or potentially cause an intestinal blockage, so it’s best to avoid giving your dog apple cores.

It’s always essential to be aware of the portions and preparation of apples or other human foods you give to your pets. Even a single apple seed can upset a small dog’s stomach. If you suspect that your dog’s eaten an apple core or has ingested harmful apple seeds from an apple tree, immediate veterinary care is essential. Symptoms of cyanide poisoning can include dilated pupils, panting, shock, and in severe cases, death. While apple seeds contain a small amount of cyanide, and one apple seed might not be bad for dogs, a whole apple with seeds can be toxic.

How Many Apples Can You Feed Your Pet?

The quantity of apples you can give your dog depends on their size and overall health. However, treats and snacks, including fruits like apples, should be at most 10% of your pet’s daily caloric intake.

A few apple slices cut into small pieces make a good snack for a small dog or cat. For a larger dog, half an apple may be suitable. Always introduce new foods gradually, employing a slow approach to eating and watching for signs of digestive upset or allergic reactions.

Dog owners must remove the apple seeds and core before feeding them to their pets. The seeds contain a small amount of cyanide, and the hard apple core can be a choking hazard or potentially cause intestinal blockage if dogs manage to eat them.

While rich in fiber, apples can be a healthy treat for dogs and cats; they should not replace a balanced diet tailored for your pet. If you need more clarification about how much apple or other fruits you can give your dog, it’s always advisable to consult with your vet.

Remember, certain pets, such as those with diabetes or other health conditions, might need to limit their fruit intake due to the sugar content. Dogs aren’t like humans, and their dietary needs can vary significantly. Always discuss dietary alterations or concerns with your vet to ensure your dog’s health and safety.

How Many Apple Seeds Are Toxic To Pets?

Apple seeds, or apple pips as they’re sometimes known, contain a form of cyanide, a toxic substance. However, the cyanide levels in apple seeds are usually minuscule, and seeds aren’t typically ingested in quantities significant enough to cause harm. In addition, the body can detoxify and eliminate small doses of cyanide.

That said, if a dog, cat, or other pet consumes a large number of apple seeds—for instance, from several apples or even apple chips—all at once, it could result in cyanide poisoning. Symptoms of this kind of poisoning include dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock, and death in the most severe cases.

However, the seed count that could cause harm varies considerably, depending on the pet’s size, overall health, and other factors. For instance, a small pet might start showing symptoms after ingesting around 200 apple seeds, while a larger one might tolerate more. On average, an apple might contain about eight seeds, but this can vary. As a rule of thumb, it’s best to avoid feeding apple seeds to pets altogether.

Also, bear in mind that the hard coating of the apple seeds means they can pass through the digestive tract without releasing their cyanide content, provided they are not crushed or chewed. So, even if your pet accidentally ingests an apple seed, it might not lead to any complications.

However, to err on the side of caution, always remove the apple seeds and core before feeding apples, including the seeds, to your pets.

Can Dogs Eat Apple Cores?

While the flesh of an apple is healthy for dogs, the apple core is not recommended for them. This is because the core of an apple contains small amounts of cyanide within the seeds, which is toxic to dogs if consumed in large quantities. However, the primary concern with apple cores is their potential choking hazard and gastrointestinal obstruction.

The size and hardness of an apple core can make it a choking hazard for dogs, especially smaller breeds. If a dog swallows the core whole or bites off large pieces, it could obstruct the dog’s intestines, leading to a severe medical emergency requiring surgery.

So, while dogs can safely enjoy the nutritional benefits of apples, core the apple and remove the seeds before feeding it to them, it’s also wise to cut the apple into manageable slices to reduce the risk of choking.

What if Your Dog Has Eaten an Apple Core?

Suppose your dog, regardless of whether it’s a healthy dog or one with existing conditions like liver disease, has ingested an apple core. Observing them closely for any signs of discomfort or distress is crucial in that case. The apple seeds within the core contain cyanide, but the small amount is typically insufficient to poison a dog unless they consume a considerable amount.

However, the apple core’s hard, indigestible nature poses a more significant concern as it could cause choking or gastrointestinal obstruction. Blockage symptoms can include vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, lethargy, or obvious discomforts such as pacing or difficulty settling down.

If your dog shows any of these signs after eating an apple core or if you’re uncertain about their condition, it’s vital to contact your veterinarian immediately. The vet can offer advice tailored to your dog’s size, health status, and the amount of apple core consumed. For example, if your dog ate the apple core recently, inducing vomiting might be the vet’s recommendation. However, if some time has passed, diagnostic imaging might be suggested to check for a blockage in your pet’s digestive tract.

Bear in mind that preventive measures are always better than treatment. So, in the future, remove the core and seeds from any apple, be it a green apple or an organic apple, before giving them to your pet as part of your dog’s diet. Also, avoid feeding your dog apple pie or apples with added sugar or peanut butter, as these can harm your dog’s teeth and overall health. Remember, even a small amount of these can be harmful.

How to Recognize If Your Pet Has Been Poisoned

Identifying signs of cyanide poisoning in pets, such as dogs, is vital for timely intervention. Cyanide toxicity often presents with acute and severe symptoms since cyanide hampers the body’s ability to utilize oxygen at the cellular level. For example, suppose your pet has consumed a substantial quantity of cyanide sources, such as apple seeds, cherry pits, or even apple sauce that contains seeds. In that case, they might exhibit the following symptoms:

  1. Respiratory distress: Difficulty breathing, such as panting or gasping for breath, can be a clear sign of cyanide poisoning.
  2. Dilated pupils: If your pet’s pupils seem larger than usual, it can indicate a severe health issue.
  3. Unusual gum color: A struggling body trying to use oxygen can cause the gums to appear unusually red or pink.
  4. Excessive drooling: You may notice your pet salivating more than they typically would.
  5. Seizures: In severe instances, cyanide poisoning can trigger seizures or convulsions.
  6. Coma: In extreme cases, your pet may lose consciousness and lapse into a coma.
  7. Death: Cyanide poisoning can be fatal if it isn’t addressed promptly.

Dog owners must be cautious about what their pets ingest. For instance, dogs don’t typically chew apple cores or seeds, but if your dog could eat these, it could lead to poisoning. Therefore, immediate veterinary care is essential if you suspect your pet has been poisoned by cyanide. The vet may give an antidote to counteract the effects of cyanide, and supportive care, such as oxygen therapy, can help your pet recover. Remember, a dog would have to eat many seeds in one go to be severely affected, but it’s always better to be safe and prevent access to harmful substances found in apple cores or seeds.

Serving Your Pets Apples

Serving apples to your pets can be a healthy treat when done correctly. Here’s how to do it:

  1. Wash the apple thoroughly: Like with any fruit, you want to ensure the apple is clean and free from pesticides or dirt.
  2. Remove the core and seeds: Apple seeds contain cyanide, which can be toxic to pets if consumed in large quantities. Additionally, the core can be a choking hazard, especially for smaller pets. Therefore, always remove the seeds and core before giving apples to your pets.
  3. Slice the apple into manageable pieces: Depending on the size of your pet, you may need to cut the apple into smaller, bite-sized pieces. For larger dogs, bigger slices may be okay, but you’ll want to cut the apple into smaller chunks for smaller dogs or cats.
  4. Serve raw or cooked: You can serve the apple slices raw or cooked. If serving cooked, ensure they are cooled down before giving them to your pet. Avoid adding any seasonings or sugar.
  5. Moderation is key: While apples can be a healthy treat, they should not make up a large portion of your pet’s diet. Too much of any fruit can lead to gastrointestinal upset due to the high sugar content.

Remember, every pet is different, and not all pets will like or tolerate apples. Always introduce any new food slowly and watch for any signs of an adverse reaction. If your pet shows any signs of discomfort or illness after eating apples, contact your vet immediately.

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Pet Care

 Foods that Can harm Your Pet

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1. Chocolate

Chocolate contains theobromine and xylitol, which are toxic to dogs and cause vomiting, diarrhea, restlessness, and even death. In addition, while chocolate is generally safe for humans, it does contain caffeine, which can cause heart palpitations, anxiety, and insomnia. Therefore, the World Health Organization recommends limiting the consumption of cocoa products to no more than 200mg daily.

If your dog eats too many sweets, he may develop diabetes, kidney failure, liver disease, heart problems, and obesity. So be careful when giving your dog treats. And remember, dogs need to be more brilliant, so they cannot distinguish between real food and candy. They eat everything.

2. Carrots

Carrot is a typical food for dogs because it contains vitamin C. But too many carrots can cause diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach upset. So limit your dog’s intake of raw carrots to no more than 1/4 cup per day.

If you feed your pet cooked carrots, be careful not to overdo them. Too much carrot can lead to kidney failure in dogs.

3. Onions, Garlic, and Chives

Onions, garlic, and onions are three foods that can kill your pet. They’re poisonous to dogs, cats, rabbits, hamsters, guinea pigs, ferrets, rats, mice, birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians, and insects.

Onions are very poisonous if swallowed, and this is because they contain high sulfur compounds, including thiosulfinates and sulfoxides. These chemicals irritate the lining of the stomach and intestines, causing vomiting and diarrhea.

Garlic contains similar amounts of sulfur compounds but does not cause immediate symptoms. However, giving garlic to a dog without consulting a veterinarian could risk serious health problems. This is because dogs do not metabolize garlic as humans do; therefore, they cannot process it properly. As a result, ingesting large quantities of raw garlic can lead to severe internal bleeding, liver failure, kidney damage, and even death.

a dog with some food on the floor

Chives are less toxic than onions and garlic, but they still contain enough sulfur compounds to make them dangerous if ingested. Chives are often used as garnishes for food, and some people mistakenly think they are edible. If you find chives growing wild, avoid eating them because they can cause nausea, cramps, and diarrhea. Eating these vegetables and herbs may result from sIn addition to stomach and intestinal discomfort, red blood cell damage, and anemia.

3. Beans

Beans are great for dogs because they’re high in protein and fiber and help keep your dog healthy and strong. But beans can be fatal to dogs, especially those who eat them raw, and raw bean diets can cause kidney failure, vomiting, diarrhea, and death. So when feeding your pet beans, cook them thoroughly.

If you feed your dog cooked beans, he won’t suffer any ill effects. However, if you give him uncooked beans, he may experience gastrointestinal upset.

4. Alcohol

Alcohol is highly toxic to dogs and can cause severe illness and even death. Alcohol poisoning is a common cause of death among pets, and the most common symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, depression, tremors, seizures, coma, and sometimes death.

If your pet drinks alcohol, be aware that he may not show any signs of intoxication until several hours after drinking. So please keep track of his activities and watch him closely when you’re away.

Also, never leave your pet unattended near alcoholic beverages. And remember, if you suspect your pet has ingested alcohol, call your veterinarian immediately.

5. Cinnamon

Cinnamon is a spice in many dishes, including bread, cakes, cookies, pies, and beverages. But did you know cinnamon can kill pets?

Cinnamon can be toxic to dogs and cats if you’re not careful. The most common symptom is vomiting, followed by diarrhea. Other symptoms include lethargy, weakness, seizures, tremors, and coma.

To avoid poisoning your pet, keep cinnamon out of reach of children and animals. And only give food or drink to your dog or cat if you’ve tested it first.

6. Grapes & Raisins

Grapes and raisins can cause kidney failure in certain breeds of dogs prone to developing kidney problems. This includes German Shepherd Dogs, Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers, Doberman Pinchers, Rottweilers, Boxers, Pit Bulls, Chihuahuas, and many others.

There is no safe dose of grape juice. Some dogs drink up to 10 cups of grapes per day without showing signs of toxicity, and other dogs consume less than one cup of grapes daily and still develop kidney damage.

Call your veterinarian immediately if you suspect your dog has consumed grapes or raisins and they develop symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, weakness, loss of appetite, or excessive thirst.

7. Macadamia Nuts

Macadamia nuts are one of the most popular types of nuts worldwide. They are native to Australia and New Guinea. “macadamia” comes from the Malay language, meaning “nut of paradise.”

While macadamias are very healthy, they pose certain risks as they are toxic to pets. For example, macadamias contain cyanogenic glycoside compounds. Cyanogens are poisonous chemicals to pets that break down into hydrogen cyanide gas when eaten. Hydrogen cyanide gas causes headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, and death.

Cyanogen levels vary depending on the variety of macadamia nuts. However, the average grade is 0.1 milligrams per kilogram.

Since macadamia nut toxicity is dose-dependent, it’s essential to know how much your pet has ingested to assess its risk for severe health problems. The average level is 0.1 milligrams per kilogram. If you suspect your pet has eaten macadamia nuts, seek veterinary attention immediately, as the symptoms can become serious quickly. Treatment usually includes intravenous fluid therapy and other supportive treatments, including pain medication or anti-nausea drugs.

8. Yeast Dough

Yeast dough is an excellent food for dogs because it contains protein, vitamins, minerals, and fiber. However, yeast dough can be dangerous to pets who eat it.

If your dog overeats yeast dough, he may develop diarrhea, vomiting, lethargy, weight loss, and dehydration. He may also experience abdominal pain, bloody stool, and blood in his urine.

Keep yeast dough out of your pet’s reach to avoid this problem. Also, never feed your pet yeast dough mixed with other foods, including bread crumbs, crackers, cookies, cake, muffins, etc.

Yeast dough is not toxic to humans. But if your pet ingests enough yeast dough, he could become seriously ill. So, if you suspect your pet ate some yeast dough, contact your veterinarian immediately.

9. Citrus Fruits

Citrus fruits contain citric acid, which is toxic to pets. This includes lemons, limes, oranges, grapefruit, tangerines, kumquats, and mandarins.

If you’re not careful, these fruits can kill your pet. The most common symptom of citrus poisoning is vomiting, and other symptoms include diarrhea, excessive thirst, lethargy, depression, seizures, tremors, muscle twitching, weakness, and coma.

If your pet eats citrus fruit, call your vet right away. Please don’t give any medication unless your veterinarian is instructed.

Keep citrus fruit out of your pet’s reach to avoid this problem. Also, wash any citrus fruit thoroughly after cutting it open. And remember to supervise your pet when eating citrus fruits.

10. Corn on the Cob

a dog eating corn on the floor

Corn on the Cob Causes Obstruction In Dogs’ Intestines.

A dog owner in New York City recently discovered her pet had eaten some corn on the cob. She rushed him to the emergency vet, where he was diagnosed with intestinal blockage caused by eating corn on the cob. This type of food poisoning is called “corn on the cob poisoning.”

Corn on the cob poisoning occurs when a dog ingests corn kernels. These kernels are hard enough to pass through the stomach without causing damage. However, the seeds begin to soften and expand inside the small intestine. As they do, they push against the walls of the intestine, creating pressure. When the pressure becomes too great, the softening kernels rupture the wall of the intestine, allowing digestive fluids to leak into the body cavity.

This causes severe pain and inflammation in the abdomen. In addition, vomiting and diarrhea occur because the ruptured tissue releases toxins into the bloodstream.

The symptoms of corn on the cob poisoning include vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weakness, lethargy, depression, seizures, coma, and even death. Contact your veterinarian immediately if your dog has eaten corn on the cob.

If your dog eats corn on the cob, it could lead to serious health problems.

11. Tomatoes

Tomatoes are one of the most popular fruits grown worldwide. They are used in various ways, such as sauces, soups, salads, pizza toppings, pasta dishes, casseroles, baked goods, and even ice cream. In addition to being delicious, tomatoes contain vitamins and minerals like Vitamin B6, Vitamin C, Potassium, Folate, Magnesium, Manganese, Copper, and Zinc. These nutrients help protect against heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and cancer.

However, tomatoes can be toxic to pets because they’re acidic and cause kidney damage when eaten in large quantities.

To reduce the risk of toxicity, cook tomatoes thoroughly before feeding them to your pet, and cooked tomatoes lose most of their lycopene content. Also, please be cautious when giving your pet any food containing tomato sauce. For example, some brands of canned dog food have tomato sauce.

Call your veterinarian immediately if you suspect your pet has ingested too many tomatoes. The vet can perform blood tests to determine whether your pet needs emergency treatment.

12. Mushrooms

Mushrooms are delicious, nutritious foods that can be used in many ways. They’re often added to soups, stews, sauces, salads, and casseroles. But mushrooms aren’t just tasty; they’re also healthy. Unfortunately, however, they are toxic to pets.

Some types of mushrooms can cause severe kidney damage in pets, and this happens when dogs and cats ingest large amounts of certain mushroom species, such as chanterelles, oyster mushrooms, and shiitake mushrooms.

Call your veterinarian immediately if you suspect your dog or cat ate a common poisonous mushroom. The vet may recommend giving your pet intravenous fluids and administering activated charcoal to help absorb toxins.

Other symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, weakness, seizures, coma, and death.

13. Blue Cheese

Blue cheese contains a chemical called “roquefortin C,” which causes severe health problems for dogs.

The toxin is found in all types of blue cheese, including Gorgonzola, Roquefort, Brie, Camembert, and Stilton. Even though it’s rare for pets to eat enough blue cheese to become sick, it’s essential to quickly recognize the signs of poisoning. Call your veterinarian immediately if you suspect your pet has eaten some blue cheese.

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Pet Care

What are Epulis Tumors in the Mouths of Dogs?

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Epulis is a general term to describe a benign oral tumor that develops in a dog’s mouth. There are three types of epulis: fibromatous epulis, ossifying epulis, and acanthomatous epulis.

Fibromatous Epulis

This is the most common type of epulis in dogs. It is made up of fibrous connective tissue, hence the name. Fibromatous epulis are non-ulcerative and typically don’t invade the surrounding bone or tissues. They are often found on the gums surrounding the teeth and can vary in size. Despite their large and alarming appearance, they’re usually not painful for the dog. Surgical removal is typically the treatment of choice.

Ossifying Epulis

This is very similar to the fibromatous epulis, but it has areas of bone or mineral-like structures within the mass, hence the name ‘ossifying.’ Ossifying epulis can also range in size and are typically not painful. They are also usually removed surgically, and the prognosis following removal is generally good.

Acanthomatous Epulis

This type of tumor differs from the previous two because it is locally aggressive and can invade the surrounding bone tissue. Despite this, acanthomatous epulis is still considered benign as it doesn’t typically spread to other body parts. It often arises from the gums of the lower jaw. Given its aggressive nature, treatment usually involves more extensive surgery to ensure all of the tumor and any invaded bone is removed. In some cases, radiation therapy may also be recommended.

It’s important to remember that any growth in your dog’s mouth should warrant a visit to your veterinarian. Early detection and diagnosis of these tumors, or any oral masses, can lead to more effective treatment and a better prognosis for your dog.

Is Every Growth in a Dog’s Mouth an Epulis?

While epulis is one type of growth that can appear in a dog’s mouth, it’s far from the only one. The oral cavity in dogs can develop a range of benign and malignant growths due to various factors. These growths’ origin can differ and may arise from the gums, bone, skin, salivary glands, or connective tissues. Understanding this broad spectrum is crucial, as not every growth is an epulis. Here are more details about the other types of oral growths:

  1. Gingival Hyperplasia: This is an overgrowth of the gum tissue that often appears as a firm, fleshy mass. The condition can be a reaction to chronic inflammation, such as that caused by periodontal disease, or it may be a side effect of certain medications. In some cases, it may be a breed-specific trait, seen commonly in breeds like Boxers and Bulldogs.
  2. Oral Papillomas (Warts): These are caused by the papillomavirus and often appear as small, cauliflower-like growths on the tongue, inside the cheeks, or on the gums. They’re most commonly seen in younger dogs with immature immune systems. Most oral papillomas resolve independently as the dog’s immune system matures and fights off the virus.
  3. Oral Melanoma: This type of cancer originates from the cells that produce melanin, a skin pigment. Oral melanomas can be aggressive and have a high risk of spreading to other organs.
  4. Squamous Cell Carcinoma: This type of cancer can appear in a dog’s mouth. It originates from the squamous cells that line the oral cavity and can be quite aggressive, often invading the surrounding tissues and bone.
  5. Fibrosarcoma: This malignant tumor originates from the fibrous connective tissue in the mouth. They can grow quite large and are often invasive to the surrounding tissues.
  6. Periodontal Disease: Chronic periodontal disease, an inflammation of the structures supporting the teeth, can lead to the development of oral masses and inflammation.
  7. Foreign Bodies: Dogs are known for their curiosity and can chew on various objects. Sometimes, these foreign bodies can get lodged in the mouth or gums, leading to growth or swelling.
  8. Oral Abscess: An oral abscess is a localized collection of pus that can occur due to an infection, usually associated with dental disease or foreign bodies.

Any new or abnormal growth in your dog’s mouth should be evaluated by a veterinarian as soon as possible. While many oral growths may be benign or non-aggressive, some could signify a serious health issue requiring prompt attention. Early detection and treatment often provide a more favorable prognosis.

Causes of Epulis Tumor in Dogs

Epulis tumors, including acanthomatous epulides, represent benign outgrowths originating from the periodontal ligament, the tissue connecting and securing the tooth within the socket. The definitive causes of these tumors remain ambiguous. Nevertheless, several influential factors have been proposed:

  1. Chronic Inflammation: There is a theory among some vet practitioners that persistent inflammation in the oral cavity, primarily due to periodontal disease – an affliction common in dogs that incites inflammation and infection in structures around the teeth – may lead to these tumors. Chronic inflammation typically results in tissue overgrowth, potentially becoming neoplastic (abnormal growth or tumor).
  2. Age: It’s observed that epulides are frequently seen in middle-aged to older dogs, suggesting that age could be a contributing factor. This may be attributed to the buildup of inflammatory assaults or age-driven changes in the oral tissues.
  3. Breed Susceptibility: Certain breeds may have a higher predisposition to develop epulis tumors. For instance, the Boxer breed has been repeatedly linked with an increased risk, though further research is necessary for definitive confirmation and understanding.
  4. Genetics: It’s conceivable that genetic factors might make specific dogs more prone to develop these tumors; however, as of 2021, particular genetic markers or mutations have yet to be identified.

Maintaining a consistent oral care routine can mitigate the risk despite the need for a complete understanding of what causes an epulis to grow. This includes chronic tooth brushing at home, providing dental-friendly diets or treats, and organizing professional dental cleanings as your veterinarian recommends.

Importantly, early identification and intervention are vital. Regularly inspect your dog’s oral cavity and lymph nodes for irregularities, and if any changes or ulcerations are observed, contact your veterinarian immediately to determine which type of epulis your pet may have. They can provide the best advice on how to uphold your pet’s oral health, which is, after all, a common concern in dogs.

Symptoms of Canine Epulis Tumor

Epulis tumors in dogs can present with a range of symptoms depending on the size and location of the tumor. Here are some common signs that a dog may have an epulis tumor:

  • Presence of a mass or lump on the gums.
  • Drooling or excessive salivation.
  • Bad breath (halitosis).
  • Difficulty eating or loss of appetite.
  • Bleeding from the mouth.
  • Pawing at the mouth.
  • Loosening or loss of teeth near the tumor.
  • Swelling around the mouth or face.
  • Weight loss or changes in behavior due to discomfort or pain.

Please remember that if your dog shows any of these symptoms, it’s important to seek veterinary attention promptly. These symptoms do not definitively mean your dog has an epulis tumor, as they can also be associated with other dental or oral health issues. A veterinarian can only diagnose properly based on a thorough oral examination and potentially further diagnostic tests.

Diagnosis for Dog Epulis Tumor

Diagnosing an epulis tumor, such as a dental epulis, in dogs incorporates several stages. Here’s a broad overview of the procedure:

Initial Examination

The procedure begins with an exhaustive physical examination focusing on the oral cavity. The veterinarian will search for oral masses or growths in the dog’s mouth, such as gingival hyperplasia.

Detailed Oral Assessment

A comprehensive oral examination, often conducted under sedation or general anesthesia, is usually the next step since the dog’s mouth might be tender, making a full examination challenging with the dog awake. The veterinarian will evaluate the growth’s size, location (whether it’s on the upper or lower jaw), and characteristics and inspect the dog’s teeth, periodontal ligament, and other oral tissues.

Tissue Sampling

To verify the diagnosis, the veterinarian usually conducts a biopsy of the oral mass, removing a small sample of fibrous tissue, which is then dispatched to a lab for histopathological investigation. This assessment will identify the type of cells composing the mass-tumor or cancer cells, thus confirming whether it’s an epulis or a different type of growth, such as ossifying epulides.

Radiography

Dental x-rays or full skull radiographs might be performed to assess the involvement of the underlying bone, detect any tooth root abnormalities, and aid in planning any potential surgery to remove the growth surgically. In certain situations, chest radiographs may also be conducted to search for any evidence of metastasis in the event of suspected malignant tumors.

Advanced Imaging Techniques

For some cases, advanced imaging like CT (computed tomography) scans might be employed to acquire a more precise image of the mass and the surrounding structures, particularly if the tumor is sizable or situated in a complex location.

These diagnostic procedures provide the veterinarian with invaluable data about the growth, its proximity to gum tissue near teeth, and potential treatment options. It’s vital to remember that while epulis tumors are often benign, any growth in a dog’s mouth should be approached with seriousness and evaluated by a veterinarian to guarantee suitable treatment.

Treatment Options for Epulis in Dogs

Epulis tumors in dogs, including benign epulis, while generally non-cancerous, can induce discomfort or complications due to their size and placement. Consequently, treatment is typically advised. The cornerstone treatment for an epulis tumor involves surgical excision, but the nature and scope of the surgery can differ based on the tumor’s features. Let’s explore the typical treatments in greater depth:

Surgical Removal

This is the prevalent treatment for an oral tumor like epulis. The objective is to extract the entire tumor and a margin of surrounding tissue to guarantee total removal and prevent tumor recurrence or new tumors. The tumor’s size and location within the dog’s mouth will dictate the extent of the surgery. For smaller tumors, a precise local excision may be adequate. However, if the tumor is large or affects the underlying bone, more extensive surgery, such as removing a section of the impacted jaw (mandibulectomy or maxillectomy), could be necessary.

Cryotherapy

Particularly for smaller tumors, cryotherapy might be a viable option. This method employs extreme cold (usually via liquid nitrogen) to exterminate the tumor cells. Though less invasive than conventional oral surgery, this technique may not be appropriate for larger tumors.

Laser Surgery

Some veterinary practices may offer laser surgery, cutting through tissue while sealing blood vessels concurrently. This method can minimize bleeding during surgery, resulting in less post-operative discomfort and faster recovery. However, not all tumors are compatible with laser surgery, and the service may not be accessible at all veterinary practices.

Radiation Therapy

In cases where the tumor can’t be fully removed with surgery due to its large size or intricate location, or if the owner does not pursue surgery, radiotherapy might be an alternative. This method uses radiation to eliminate the tumor cells. Nevertheless, radiotherapy is typically only offered at specialty veterinary practices, and multiple treatments are often required.

Observation and Supportive Care

If the epulis isn’t causing discomfort or interfering with eating, and the dog is otherwise healthy, the veterinarian might suggest observing the tumor rather than removing it. This approach is more common in older dogs or those with other significant health issues. Regular monitoring of the tumor would be conducted to see if it’s growing or inducing issues, with treatment pursued if necessary.

It’s crucial to have an in-depth discussion with your veterinarian about the optimal treatment options for your pet. The decision will hinge on various factors, including the tumor type (e.g., malignant melanoma), size, location, the dog’s overall health, the availability of different treatments, and the owner’s preferences. Remember, treatment depends on many aspects, and dogs having this condition should be handled with personalized care.

Recovery and Management for Epulis Tumor in Dogs

The recovery and management process following surgery for an epulis tumor in dogs can be crucial to ensure optimal healing and prevent complications. Here are some aspects of recovery and management that might be involved:

  • Post-Operative Care: After surgery, your dog may need pain medication and potentially antibiotics to prevent infection. It’s crucial to follow the veterinarian’s instructions regarding medication administration. Also, monitor the surgical site daily for signs of infection, including swelling, redness, or discharge.
  • Dietary Changes: Following oral surgery, your dog might need to eat a soft diet or have its regular kibble soaked in water to make it easier to eat while the mouth heals. Your veterinarian will advise you on how long to continue this.
  • Follow-Up Visits: Post-operative check-ups are essential to ensure your dog is healing well. These visits may include examining the surgical site and possibly repeat X-rays to confirm the complete removal of the tumor.
  • Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene can help prevent inflammation and potential recurrence of an epulis. Regular tooth brushing, dental chews, professional dental cleanings, and tumor removal, as your vet recommended, can contribute to oral health.
  • Regular Monitoring: Even after successful removal, monitoring your dog’s mouth regularly for any signs of new growth is crucial. Early detection of changes can lead to prompt intervention, significantly improving outcomes.
  • Management of Underlying Conditions: If an underlying condition like periodontal disease is present, it’s crucial to manage this effectively to reduce the risk of future oral health problems. This could involve regular dental cleanings and changes to your dog’s diet or oral hygiene routine.

Remember, each dog is unique, and the recovery and management plan will be individualized based on your dog’s specific situation. Always follow your vet’s instructions, and don’t hesitate to contact them if you have any concerns during your dog’s recovery period.

Prevention for Epulis in Dogs

While there is no guaranteed way to prevent an epulis tumor in dogs since the exact cause is not known, there are measures pet parents can take to promote overall oral health, which could help reduce the risk. Here are some preventive measures:

  • Regular Oral Hygiene: Brush your dog’s teeth daily or at least several times weekly. Use dog-friendly toothpaste, as human toothpaste can be harmful to dogs. Various dog toothbrushes are available, or you could use a finger brush or even a piece of gauze wrapped around your finger.
  • Dental Diets and Chews: Certain diets and dental chews are designed to help clean the teeth as the dog chews. These can be a helpful supplement to brushing. Always supervise your dog with chews to prevent choking.
  • Regular Veterinary Check-ups: Regular check-ups allow your vet to monitor your dog’s oral health and detect abnormalities early. Early detection often leads to better outcomes. Your vet can also perform a professional dental cleaning as needed.
  • Professional Dental Cleanings: Depending on your dog’s oral health, your vet may recommend professional dental cleanings under anesthesia. These cleanings allow for a thorough mouth examination and removing plaque and tartar, both above and below the gum line.
  • Toys: Provide safe, appropriate chew toys that can help with the mechanical removal of plaque.
  • Healthy Diet and Weight: A balanced diet and maintaining an appropriate weight for your dog can also contribute to overall health, including oral health.
  • Avoid Trauma to the Mouth: Though not a direct cause, trauma to the mouth could potentially contribute to oral health issues. Prevent your dog from chewing on hard objects that could cause damage to the teeth and gums.

These preventive measures can help maintain your dog’s oral health and reduce the risk of dental and oral health issues, including developing an epulis. However, it’s always important to regularly monitor your dog’s mouth for any changes and seek veterinary attention if you notice any abnormalities.

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Pet Care

What are Flea and Heartworm Medications in Pets?

by admin
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A monthly pill contains a combination of fipronil and pyrantel embonate. This combo kills adult worms and eggs while preventing fleas from biting your dog. A quarterly tablet includes a similar dose of active ingredients.

However, it’s formulated differently. Instead of containing both fipronil and pyrantel, this version only has fipronil. Pyrantel is used as an adjuvant (additive) to help increase the effectiveness of the other ingredient.

An annual pill contains just one active ingredient – selamectin or milbemycin oxime. Both these drugs are highly effective at killing adult fleas and preventing their reproduction.

Types of Medications

Three preventative medications are used to treat heartworm: monthly injections, daily chewable tablets, and monthly topical treatments. There are pros and cons associated with each treatment method. This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each type of heartworm preventive medication.

Monthly Injections

Monthly injectables are typically safer and more effective than daily pills. However, monthly injectables require a needle each time, whereas daily medications only need a pill box. Monthly injectables also cost more than daily pills.

Daily Chewable Tablets

Daily chewable tablets are less expensive than monthly injectables. The downside is that they may need to be more effective. Daily chewable tablets contain lower doses of active ingredients than monthly injectables.

Topical Treatments

Topical treatments are applied directly to the skin. These include spot-on and spray formulations. Spot-on is designed to be rubbed into the coat. Sprays are sprayed onto the coat and allowed to dry before being brushed off.

The advantage of topical treatments is that they don’t require needles or oral administration. The disadvantage is that they do not provide long-term protection.

Medication Options For Your Pet

Heartworms are a parasitic disease spread by mosquitoes. Heartworm tests are used to detect the presence of the intestinal parasite in dogs. If you suspect your dog has been infected, talk to your veterinarian about treatment options.

Here are the top 3 heartworm and flea control products recommended by veterinarians:

1. Advantage Multi Plus – Topical Medication

Advantage Multi Plus is a combination of ivermectin and pyrantel pamoate. Both ingredients kill adult worms and larvae. Pyrantel pamoate kills intestinal worms. Ivermectin kills internal worms.

This product provides excellent coverage against heartworms and flea infestations. It is safe for puppies and kittens too.

It is liquid and can be applied directly to the skin using a syringe.

2. Frontline Plus + Spot On Combo – Monthly Injection

Frontline Plus + Spot On combo is another popular choice among veterinarians. It contains fipronil and permethrin. Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide. Permethrin is an insect growth regulator.

Both ingredients kill adult worms and fleas. Fipronil also kills immature stages of insects. Permethrin prevents eggs from hatching.

This product is injected once per month. It is safe for pregnant animals.

3. Revolution – Oral Medication

Revolution is a chewable tablet containing imidacloprid. Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid pesticide. It kills fleas and ticks.

This product is safe for puppies and cats. It does not contain any harmful chemicals.

It is highly effective against heartworms and fleas. It should be taken daily.

These are the three best heartworm and flea prevention products recommended by vets. Which one would you choose?

Other Medication Options

Trifexis

The Trifexis product combines three different parasites into one pill. This makes it easier for pet owners to administer to their pets and helps keep costs down.

A lot of people think that this is an expensive drug. However, it is much less costly than monthly treatments such as Frontline Plus or Advantage Multidose.

Vomiting is the most commonly reported side effect of TrifeXis. Other possible side effects include diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, lethargy, and vomiting. If any of these occur, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Sentinel

A new product from Bayer Animal Health is explicitly designed for fleas-sensitive dogs with allergies to certain foods. Sentinel contains lufenuron, a chemical that disrupts flea development without killing them.

Lufenuron disrupts the growth of fleas, preventing eggs from hatching and larvae from developing into adult fleas. This prevents the spread of disease.

The product is available in three flavors — chicken & rice, beef & rice, and turkey & rice — and is recommended for dogs weighing up to 25 pounds.

Sentinel Spectrum

The Sentinel® family of products is designed to help keep your pet healthy and happy. We offer various solutions, including flea control, tick prevention, heartworm prevention, dental care, nutritional supplements, grooming tools, and more. Our goal is to provide safe, effective products that make life easier for you and your pets.

Benefits of Heartworm and Flea Medications for Dogs

There are several benefits to treating your dog with heartworm and flea medicine.

  • These medicines prevent the development of heartworms and fleas. This means that your pet won’t become infected with either parasite.
  • These medicines kill existing worms and fleas. Finally, if you don’t treat your dog with these medicines, he may develop severe symptoms, such as coughing, wheezing, vomiting, diarrhea, and depression.
  • These medicines protect against future infections. If you don’t give your dog heartworm and flea meds, he may contract one of these parasites later in life.
  • These medicines can relieve itching caused by heartworms and fleas, which makes your dog feel better.
  • These medicines can improve your dog’s overall quality of life. For example, they can eliminate the possibility of your dog developing lung damage due to heartworms.
  • These medicines can save your dog’s life. Without treatment, heartworms can lead to death. In addition, fleas can transmit dangerous diseases, such as tapeworms, to your dog.

These products are safe for use in dogs, but they are different. Some of the main differences include the following:

  1. Cost – Each brand costs anywhere from $10-$30 per month, depending on the size of your dog.
  2. Side effects – Some side effects, such as stomach upset, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rash, and muscle tremors, may occur. These side effects should subside after treatment.
  3. Efficacy – The efficacy of each product varies based on the type of heartworm present. For example, some products are effective against adult heartworms, others are effective against larvae, and others are effective against both.
  4. Treatment length – Most of the products last about 30 days. However, some effects last longer than 30 days.
  5. Interactions – Certain drugs and foods can interact with certain heartworm medications. Consult your veterinarian for recommendations.
  6. Dosage – Each product comes with a different dosage recommendation. It is essential to follow the instructions provided by your vet.
  7. Storage – All of the products mentioned above must be stored properly. Store them away from heat, moisture, sunlight, and pets.
  8. Resistance – Overusing any heartworm medicine can create resistance to the medication. Therefore, it is essential to rotate the heartworm meds every six months.
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